The Republic of Sudan: The Sudanese are crying for genuine and Just peace. A time to campaign and move forward the Sudanese quest for peaceful settlement of the arms conflict.

Herein below is a well documented article, calling for peaceful intervention by Sudan’s neighbours, especially South Sudan, Ethiopia and Egypt, to bring peace and unity to war wreckage country. It flows:

Since gaining independence from Anglo-Egyptian rule in 1956, Sudan has remained a nation torn by political instability, military coups, civil wars, and cycles of failed peace processes.

With each transition, hopes for a united, peaceful, and democratic Sudan have been deferred. The current war that erupted in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) led by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) led by Mohammed Hamdan Dagalo (Hemedti) marks perhaps the most devastating chapter in Sudan’s history; a war that threatens the very fabric of the Sudanese nation.

A History of Conflict and Elusive Peace

Sudan’s post-independence political narrative has been defined by the contest between democratic aspiration and authoritarian military control. The first democratic government in 1956 was short-lived.

Military coups in 1958, 1969, 1989, and 2019 repeatedly reversed civilian gains, each time promising reform but leading to further militarization of the state.

The longest and deadliest conflict, the North-South civil war (1955–1972 and 1983–2005), only ended with the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in 2005, which eventually led to the independence of South Sudan in 2011.

However, peace remained elusive for Sudan itself. The Darfur conflict (since 2003), the Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile conflicts, and the uprisings of 2018–2019 all exposed the fragility of governance in Khartoum and the need for inclusive national dialogue and structural reforms.

The Juba Peace Agreement: A Missed Opportunity?

Between 2020 and 2023, President Salva Kiir of South Sudan played a pivotal role in hosting Sudanese armed opposition groups and the Sudanese Transitional Government in Juba.

The outcome, the Juba Peace Agreement, was a significant milestone. It offered a path to inclusivity and post-conflict recovery, addressing power-sharing, wealth distribution, transitional justice, and security arrangements for previously marginalized regions, especially Darfur, South Kordofan, and Blue Nile.

However, the fragile unity of Sudan’s post-2019 Transitional Military-Civilian Council crumbled before these goals could be realized. A power struggle between Burhan and Hemedti exploded into open war in April 2023, engulfing Khartoum, Darfur, and other regions in unprecedented violence.

Cities have been destroyed, millions displaced internally or forced into exile, and thousands killed. This war is not just a Sudanese catastrophe, it is a regional and global humanitarian emergency.

The Urgent Need for Regional Mediation

In light of the failure of international diplomacy to halt the fighting, regional mediation offers the most realistic path forward. Countries like Egypt, South Sudan, Chad, Libya, and Ethiopia are not only Sudan’s neighbors, but they are stakeholders in Sudan’s peace and stability.

More importantly, South Sudan, Egypt, and Ethiopia possess historical and diplomatic experience with peace negotiations and post-conflict recovery.

• Egypt hosts the Arab League and has deep historical and cultural ties with northern Sudan.
• Ethiopia is the seat of the African Union and played an active role in Sudan’s 2019 transition.
• South Sudan, despite its own fragile peace process, demonstrated in Juba its potential as a trusted mediator.

The leaders of these three nations: President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, and President Salva Kiir, can form a Tripartite Mediation Taskforce under the aegis of the AU and Arab League.

Their goal must be immediate: securing a ceasefire, initiating direct dialogue between the belligerents, reviving the Juba Agreement, and opening space for Sudanese civilian groups to shape the postwar political order.

The Future Sudan the People Demand

Despite immense suffering, the Sudanese people continue to demand peace, democracy, and dignity. The 2018–2019 revolution proved that civilians can bring down tyranny and dream of a new Sudan. The path forward must include:

• A comprehensive ceasefire with mechanisms for international and regional verification.
• Civilian-led transitional authority to oversee a return to constitutional rule.
• Reintegration and disarmament of armed groups under a national security framework.
• A new political compact through an inclusive national conference involving political parties, resistance committees, women’s groups, youth, religious leaders, and war victims.
• Justice and accountability for crimes committed during the current war and previous conflicts.

Conclusion: Democratic Solutions for a Broken Union

Sudan has endured decades of betrayal by its ruling elites. The current war must not be another pretext for external actors to entrench divisions.

Peace is possible if it is African-led, Sudanese-owned, and internationally supported. The Juba Agreement, while not perfect, remains a legitimate framework that must be built upon; not abandoned.

What is needed now is a bold, unified African and Arab diplomatic offensive to break the deadlock and save Sudan from total collapse. The dreams of Sudanese civilians, men and women who protested peacefully in the streets of Khartoum and Nyala, must be honored.

Sudan can rise again, not through bullets, but through ballots, truth, justice, and a democratic constitution. The time for action is now.

References

• Juba Peace Agreement (2020–2023), Republic of South Sudan.
• African Union Peace and Security Council reports on Sudan (2019–2024).
• UNHCR and IOM displacement data (2023–2025).
• Sudanese Professionals Association and Resistance Committees manifestos (2018–2023).
• International Crisis Group reports on Sudan (2020–2025)